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Control of the disease known as anti-inflammatory drugs, or drugs. As the pathological basis of asthma, chronic non-specific inflammation, so the control of chronic airway inflammation, is the basic treatment of asthma, asthma control of long-term vision has played an important role. Commonly used drugs are inhaled corticosteroids and color TZDs. A number of new drugs, such as leukotriene modifiers, long-acting β2 agonists and theophylline controlled-release type also has certain anti-inflammatory effects.
1. Glucocorticoid glucocorticoids (the hormone) is currently the most effective drug prevention and treatment of asthma. A major role in the mechanism is to inhibit inflammatory cell migration and activation; inhibit cytokine generation; inhibit the release of inflammatory mediators; to enhance smooth muscle cell β2-adrenoceptor responsiveness. Can be divided into inhalation, oral and intravenous medication.
Inhaled corticosteroid to control asthma long-term stability of the most basic treatment, is the first line of asthma medication. Inhaled steroid by an increase of the molecular structure of ester group, so that local anti-inflammatory potency of a marked increase in the role of the respiratory tract localized, the smaller dose of drug into the blood circulation in the liver rapidly after the inactivation fewer systemic adverse reactions . The main adverse reactions were oropharyngeal discomfort, mouth pharyngitis, hoarseness, or oropharyngeal candidiasis infection, gargle with water after spraying reduce local reactions. Using a different dosage form or drug when I inhaled the incidence of pharyngitis have some differences. Is usually 4-7 days after the oropharyngitis can disable the natural recovery. There are two commonly used inhaled steroid beclomethasone dipropionate (Beclomethasone Dipropionate), budesonide (Budesonide), flunisolide (Flunisolide) and triamcinolone acetonide (Triamcinolone Acetonide) and so on. In recent years, has developed a number of new inhaled corticosteroid stronger activity, such as fluticasone propionate (Fluticasone) and so on. Its role to enhance two-fold less side-effects. With MDI, dry powder or continuous inhalation. Onset of slow and requires long-term regular inhaled more than one week before beginning to make effective, the best role requires a continuous application of more than 3 months can be achieved. According to the general dose of inhaled asthma Love 200 ~ 1200μg / d.
Oral or intravenous hormone is moderate to severe asthma attack, an important therapeutic drugs. Accordance with the condition of patients the appropriate choice of dose and treatment (see Table 1), to alleviate the symptoms gradually after reduction and disabled, sequential application of inhaled steroid.
2. Anthocyanin acid disodium is a non-corticosteroid anti-inflammatory drugs. Mechanism of action has not been fully clarified, to stabilize the mast cell membrane, inhibit the release of medium to other media to a certain extent the release of inflammatory cells in vivo. Clinical use is currently low.
3. Desensitization therapy: also known as the allergen vaccine treatment, is an important one kind of treatment of asthma, its efficacy has been merged in the rhinitis patients with asthma confirmed. Major clinical response to dust mites and all kinds of pollen desensitization therapy. Study confirmed that the treatment can change the natural course of asthma and can be maintained for several years after cessation of treatment efficacy. In recent years, many scholars advocate sublingual desensitization treatment, and the sublingual desensitization therapy to avoid repeated injections of trouble and suffering, it is particularly suitable for children. However, more research is needed to compare the sublingual desensitization therapy is desensitization treatment and injection have the same effect. Details can be found in an extended reading. And 2.
4. Anti-IgE monoclonal antibody: a targeted restructuring of the human IgE monoclonal antibody (trade name Xoalir), in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and asthma has achieved remarkable effects. In May 2003 formally FDA clearance to market. Xoalir in treatment - severe asthma and seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis are valid, known Xoalir can reduce serum free IgE levels, low-regulation of peripheral blood basophil IgE receptor, can significantly reduce the nasal and bronchial eosinophils, mast cells, as well as T cells and B-cell numbers. Studies have shown that high doses of inhaled steroid that have remained beyond the control of asthma, Xoalir significant benefits. Clinical data suggest that, Xoalir can improve the sustainability of allergic rhinitis associated with asthma symptoms in patients with breathing space to improve the quality of life and control of acute, right Xoalir is often a good efficacy in those patients with more severe asthma. Xoalir mechanisms and inhibit IgE anti-inflammatory treatment related. Xolair clinical dose is 125 mg ~ 375 mg, subcutaneously once every 2 to 4 weeks. The drug can improve CARAS the upper respiratory tract and lower respiratory tract symptoms.
5. White 3 thin-conditioning agents include leukotriene receptor antagonists and synthesis inhibitors (5 - lipoxygenase inhibitors). At present the successful clinical application of the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists Zafirlukast (Zafirlukast 20mg twice daily) and montelukast (Montelukast10 mg once a day), not only can ease asthma symptoms, and can reduce airway inflammation, has some clinical efficacy, can be used for patients who can not use hormones, or combination therapy. The main adverse reactions are gastrointestinal symptoms, usually mild, a small number of skin rash, vascular edema, elevated aminotransferases return to normal after stopping.
6. Antihistamines: Since allergic rhinitis - allergic asthma syndrome as a disease, once diagnosed as early as possible should be given antihistamines. Effectively control the majority of allergic rhinitis, asthma attacks can be avoided or to avoid aggravating asthma, the use of antihistamines to improve the treatment of allergic rhinitis and asthma, the prognosis of great significance. Antihistamines can be effective treatment for common dosage of allergic rhinitis to prevent asthma attacks, double dose of concurrent asthma symptoms can be improved. Give antihistamines plus pseudoephedrine in treatment of allergic rhinitis - asthma syndrome in improving the symptoms of nasal congestion at the same time, but also can improve asthma symptoms, improve the PEF and reduced bronchodilator usage. In children, upper respiratory tract infections and increased asthma can be controlled by continuous antihistamine treatment. In the early treatment of children allergic physique (Early Treatment of the Atopic Child ETAC) study found that continuous antihistamine treatment can reduce the incidence of asthma.

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